Proposal of Electrode for Measuring Glucose Concentration in Blood

Diplomová práce se zabývá vytvořením vhodného elektrodového systému sloužícího pro určení hladiny glykémie v krvi. Tato problematika úzce souvisí s vývojem patřičného měřícího obvodu, který dokáže zajistit potřebné zdrojové napětí a převést vznikající signál na vhodnou měřenou elektrickou veličinu. Signál vzniká na základě reakce glukózy a enzymu, výsledná hodnota je tedy přímo úměrná koncentraci glukózy. Detekce koncentrace glukózy v krvi je nedílnou součástí mnoha medicínských postupů k určení stavu lidského organismu. Cílem práce je proto sestavit elektrodový systém s příslušným měřícím obvodem, který bude vykazovat přesné výsledky měření, podrobit ho experimentálním zkouškám a naměřené výsledky analyzovat a dále zpracovat.The diploma thesis deals with the creation of a suitable electrode system for determination of the level of blood glycemia. This problem is closely related to the development of an appropriate measuring circuit that can provide the necessary source voltage and convert the generated signal to a suitable measured electrical quantity. The signal is formed by the reaction of glucose and enzyme, the resulting value being directly proportional to the glucose concentration. Detection of blood glucose is an integral part of many medical procedures to determine the state of the human organism. The aim of the thesis is to assemble an electrode system with an appropriate measuring circuit, which will present accurate measurement results, subject it to experimental tests and analyze and process the measured results.450 - Katedra kybernetiky a biomedicínského inženýrstvívýborn

Measurement of Mechanical Properties of Dialysis Sets, Depending on the Selected Physical Parameters

Import 22/07/2015Bakalářská práce se zaměřuje na mechanické vlastnosti krevních dialyzačních setů v závislosti na vybraných fyzikálních parametrech. Krevní sety jsou nedílnou součástí zdravotnického materiálu, který slouží pro každodenní použití. Sety se většinou používají za stálých podmínek. Nabízí se však otázka, jak materiál setů reaguje na nestandardní podmínky. Cílem práce je tyto vlastnosti pomocí experimentálního měření analyzovat a dále zpracovat. Zkoumají se vybrané závislosti a vyhodnocují se naměřená data. Na závěr jsou získané výsledky porovnávány.Bachelor thesis focuses on blood dialysis sets mechanical features depending on specified physical parameters. Blood sets are irreplaceable medical equipment´s component for everyday usage. Set are usually used with stable conditions. This begs the question how would set´s material react with unstable conditions. Thesis object is to analyze these features using experimental measurement an its processing further on. Selected things are being examined and measured data evaluated. Thesis compares acquired results at the end.450 - Katedra kybernetiky a biomedicínského inženýrstvívýborn

Wavelet-based filtration procedure for denoising the predicted CO2 waveforms in smart home within the Internet of Things

The operating cost minimization of smart homes can be achieved with the optimization of the management of the building's technical functions by determination of the current occupancy status of the individual monitored spaces of a smart home. To respect the privacy of the smart home residents, indirect methods (without using cameras and microphones) are possible for occupancy recognition of space in smart homes. This article describes a newly proposed indirect method to increase the accuracy of the occupancy recognition of monitored spaces of smart homes. The proposed procedure uses the prediction of the course of CO2 concentration from operationally measured quantities (temperature indoor and relative humidity indoor) using artificial neural networks with a multilayer perceptron algorithm. The mathematical wavelet transformation method is used for additive noise canceling from the predicted course of the CO2 concentration signal with an objective increase accuracy of the prediction. The calculated accuracy of CO2 concentration waveform prediction in the additive noise-canceling application was higher than 98% in selected experiments.Web of Science203art. no. 62

Review of present method of glucose from human blood and body fluids assessment

The work has been aimed to create an overview of available and used methods and ways to determine the concentration of glucose in body fluids, especially from a technical point of view. It also provides an overview of the clinical features of these methods. The survey found that today's market offers a large number of options and approaches to the issue. There are accurate reference laboratory methods, self-monitoring methods for measuring glucose levels using glucometers, or continuous methods for daily monitoring of blood glucose trends and for insulin pump control. However, it must not be forgotten that the development of full closure of feedback is still not complete today. Individual methods cannot always be compared with each other, precisely because of the focus and the use of these methods. Choosing the right method of blood glucose levels in the body measuring can help patients to manage their diabetes mellitus. The methods listed in the overview are divided in terms of measurement continuity and further according to the invasiveness of the method. Finally, the issues of accuracy in the detection of glycaemia variability and the possibility of further development of these methods are discussed, as it is clear from the survey that the development is focused mainly on continuous methods improving that get to the forefront and also on developing a biosensor that is purely non-invasive and continuous.Web of Science211art. no. 11434

Recent trends, construction, and applications of smart textiles and clothing for monitoring of health activity: A comprehensive multidisciplinary review

In the area of biomedical signal monitoring, wearable electronics represents a dynamically growing field with a significant impact on the market of commercial products of biomedical signal monitoring and acquisition, as well as consumer electronic for vital functions monitoring. Since the electrodes are perceived as one of the most important part of the biomedical signal monitoring, they have been one of the most frequent subjects in the research community. Electronic textile (e-textile), also called smart textile represents a modern trend in the wearable electronics, integrating of functional materials with common clothing with the goal to realize the devices, which include sensors, antennas, energy harvesters and advanced textiles for self-cooling and heating. The area of textile electrodes and e-textile is perceived as a multidisciplinary field, integrating material engineering, chemistry, and biomedical engineering. In this review, we provide a comprehensive view on this area. This multidisciplinary review integrates the e-textile characteristics, materials and manufacturing of the textile electrodes, noise influence on the e-textiles performance, and mainly applications of the textile electrodes for biomedical signal monitoring and acquisition, including pressure sensors, electrocardiography, electromyography, electroencephalography and electrooculography monitoring.Web of Science15603

Analysis and testing of a suitable compatible electrode's material for continuous measurement of glucose concentration

The subject of the submitted work is the proposal of electrodes for the continual measurement of the glucose concentration for the purpose of specifying further hemodynamic parameters. The proposal includes the design of the electronic measuring system, the construction of the electrodes themselves and the functionality of the entire system, verified experimentally using various electrode materials. The proposed circuit works on the basis of micro-ammeter measuring the size of the flowing electric current and the electrochemical measurement method is used for specifying the glucose concentration. The electrode system is comprised of two electrodes embedded in a silicon tube. The solution consists of the measurement with three types of materials, which are verified by using three solutions with a precisely given concentration of glucose in the form of a mixed solution and enzyme glucose oxidase. For the testing of the proposed circuit and the selection of a suitable material, the testing did not take place on measurements in whole blood. For the construction of the electrodes, the three most frequently used materials for the construction of electrodes used in clinical practice for sensing biopotentials, specifically the materials Ag/AgCl, Cu and Au, were used. The performed experiments showed that the material Ag/AgCl, which had the greatest sensitivity for the measurement even without the enzyme, was the most suitable material for the electrode. This conclusion is supported by the performed statistical analysis. On the basis of the testing, we can come to the conclusion that even if the Ag/AgCl electrode appears to be the most suitable, showing high stability, gold-plated electrodes showed stability throughout the measurement similarly to Ag/AgCl electrodes, but did not achieve the same qualities in sensitivity and readability of the measured results.Web of Science2013art. no. 366